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ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) is a unique 16-digit number or "persistent identifier" used to link an individual author’s identity with their research outputs. The ORCID author record includes an author profile, and stores links to all research associated with an individual author. Some benefits of using an ORCID persistent identifier include accurate and consistent author identification, and reduction in author ambiguity that may be caused by authors with a similar name. In addition, many journals now request persistent identifiers with manuscript submission; using a persistent identifier can help authors manage affiliation changes and variations, and improve access to publications.
A persistent identifier (or PID) is a long-lasting digital reference to an object, contributor, or organization: this code remains constant as a means of identifying a digital object, even if its location on the internet changes. Web URLs are an example of a common identifier, and digital object identifier (DOI) is an example of a PID for a document or article. The term "persistent" refers to the need for an identifier to provide permanent, continued access to and provenance for the object it references.